Terminology

Mainstream - mainstream is a term that usually refers to the common current of thought

of the majority, meaning that "mainstream" things are those that are currently popular

with most people.

Maintsteam cinema - Releases blockbuesters and big name films 
Eg Odeon, Cineworld

Independent film - an independent film or indie film is a feature film that is produced

outside of the major film studio system, in addition to being produced and distributed by

independent entertainment agencies.

Indepedent cinema - release smaller, more unknown films 
Eg Piturehouse/ Curzon

Production -develpment and creation of a film

Marketing - the action or promoting and selling products or services, including market

research and advertising.

Exchange - how the audiences view the film 
eg on iPad/computer

Multinational conglomerate - A media conglomerate, media group or media institution is

a company that owns large numbers of companies in various mass media such as

television, radio, publishing, movies, and the Internet.

Eg - Walt Disney company.

Monopoly - A situation where a single company owns all or almost all of the market for

the given type or product of service.

Eg - Disney.

Oligopoly - Where a small number of firms have a large majority of market share, it is

similar to monopoly however instead of one company dominating the market it is two or

more.

Eg - Paramount pictures

The Big 6 

20th Century fox

Sony 

Disney 

Warner Bros 

Paramount Pictures 

Univeral 

Horizontal integration- Bringing competing business together 

Eg - Disney and Pixar Studios

Merchandising= promoting the sales of goods relating to the film.

Eg- action figures

Ultra Violet= online storage where you can access the content on any supporting

platform if you bought the physical copy.

Above the line- where mass media is used to promote brands 

Eg TV adverts/websites

Below the line- one-to-one advertising (i.e. leaflets, stickers, product demos)

Technological convergence- new technologies are made to take over old ones and

they do the same task as these previous ones, but in a more advanced manner.

Consumption- the amount of information and entertainment taken in by an individual

or audience.

Exhibition- showcasing a film for audiences to see.

Piracy- illegal copying and distribution of content.

Sequelisation- the act of creating a sequel to a film.

Tie-In- a media product that is presented in another, well-known format

Eg video game that is also a film

Task 7 - Audience and cinema going habits

1. What days do audiences go to the cinema?
The most popular month for audiences to attend the cinema is usually December this was from surveys in 2014 and 2015. 

2. What are the most popular genres? / What was the top film in each of these genres?
Action - Spectre
Animation - Minions
Comedy - Inside out
Sci-Fi - Star Wars: The Force Awakens

3. How do audiences hear about films?
There are many different ways in which a film is promoted so that audience can hear about it.  For example advertising campaigns, press releases, trailers, social media, merchandise, franchising, media and interviews with people involved with the film. 

4. Do audiences prefer US, UK or other nationality films?

UK qualifying films earned $9.4 billion worldwide in 2015, accounting for 25% of global box office receipts. UK films also accounted for 20 of the top 100 titles at the worldwide box office.
  

5. Do audiences like 3D films?

Out of the 4,123 cinema digital screens in the UK in 2015, 1,854 (45%) were 3D-capable digital screens. The most popular films 3D films included Star Wars: The Force Awakens, Jurassic World, Avengers: Age of Ultron and The Martian.

 

6. What other ways to audiences watch film aside from the cinema?
Another way in which the audience can watch a film aside from the cinema can be streaming it online for example on Netflix, Sky Go, Amazon Prime and google play.  In addition physical copies these include DVD and BluRay. 

7. Who do audiences go to the cinema with?
The largest age group who go to the cinema is 15-24-year-olds who take up 29%.

When and where are most audiences likely to go to the cinema?
Depending on the age of the audience members and what genre the film will alter how many people will watch it.  For example films in December are more likely to more popular as it is quite likely that family films will be released around this time.  From surveys in 2015 shows that 97% of all screens in the UK were located in towns or city centres, this is because if cinemas were built in really scarce areas this means that they are going to attract fewer customers as it will not be local to most. 

Task 4

Task 5

Coming Down the Mountain

Mise en scene
Representation of disability is shown using mise en scene in the first shot shown in the clip is a bird’s eye view, looking over the two boys in their bedroom.  The room is split in half, the left side of the room is Ben's where everything looks very unorganised and colourful, however, David's side is the opposite, including dull colours and everything is very structured and tidy.  This could be interpreted as a positive towards disabled people as it suggests that they are more creative and possibly more fun than an able-bodied person. 

When David is shown aiming his gun at Ben represents how people with disabilities are often a target for bullying and hate in society.  This is presented when the camera is shot like it is through the barrel of the gun, if any other item was used for example like a telescope it would be interpreted as something else however by using a gun just emphasises the violence. 



Another example of how disability is represented in this clip is near the end when David is about to leave Ben to travel home by himself.  Many close short shots are shown during this conversation between the two which represents the difficulty to Ben as there are too many things happening in te background, which is a stereotype of disabled people.  

Editing
A lot of the time when Ben is on screen he comes across as quite weak and insignificant when compared to David, for example, many of the shots with the two David is usually in the foreground whereas Ben is in near background.  Also, the scenes such as the Devon trip where David is looking down at his brother from the tree shows that he is above him 

The editing represents disabled people as even though Ben and David have the most screen time because they're the main characters, the more ambled character has a lot more screen time and it's set in his point of view.    

This could show that because Ben is disabled he doesn't really have a point of view so his brother/carer has to talk on behalf of him.

Sound 

During the kitchen scene in the morning, Ben is shown to not have a filter when he speaks, this contrasts to able people who will actually think if whether it's inappropriate to say.  He says 'I need a poo' which suggests even though he is close to David in age he is very immature.  In addition, I noticed that the parents talk to Ben quite slowly and with patience whereas they snap at David and speak quickly. This represents Ben as being very vulnerable because he is disabled and for him, it understands something it needs to be explained to him, similar when David has to explain how they make sausage.

Throughout the clip, David has a lot of diegetic and non-diegetic dialogue.  Whereas Ben has little speech and no non-diegetic. This could represent that David is more trusted speaking as he is more abled.

Camera

In the clip where David is retrieving the kite from the tree, the camera both looks down on Ben and up at David.  This shows that David looks down apon Ben because of his disability and sees him as lesser whereas I think Ben looks up at David as he looks at him like a protector.  Another way in which Ben is seen to be very reliable on David is when he is waiting for the bus and needs his supervision. 

The shots after school when Ben and David are talking show Ben as small, he stands in the lower half of the screen and David stands over him again.  This can show that David has the authority over him and he makes decisions for both of them.  Ben represents teh majority of people with disability and how they are excluded from most being social with others. 

Independent Film